Intoducing my self to the class Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Intoducing my self to the class - turn out ExampleWe arrived with the impression that we would be brainstorming about getting industrial hemp more astray used as a renewable resource. Even the government knew that it doesnt make people high, it doesnt assume fair to middling THC in it.1 But faced with the reality that the major powers that be are against renewable resources in this way, from a lawyer who was supposed to be working on our side, was like a slap in the face.I thought about all of the hours Id devoted to the cause of renewable resources, seeing the direct, the desperate need of our planet for our help. I thought of all the times I had enjoyed the splendor of the Blue Ridge Mountains, the geld force of Nature with a tenuous balance that is being tipped out of kilter. I have fought for what I have thought is right but what do I know, Im just another 20 year oldAnd now, here is Lance, needing his diaper changed as I think about this meeting bypast wrong and what it c ould implicate. I reach for a fresh cloth diaper, feeling its softness in my pass as I look at my little son. His eyes meet mine and I oddment what he will be like when he is my age.

The Impact of the London City Airport Expansion on the Surrounding Essay

The Impact of the London City airdrome Expansion on the Surrounding attribute Values - Essay ExampleIt is the only airport located just two miles from the site of the 2012 Olympic Games and three miles from Canary Wharf. As part of the elaboration programme for it departure lounge, London City Airport spent 30 million (US$60 million) for the construction of four new aircraft parking stands (Bonnassies, 2008). Basically, the said expansion project was eventually completed back in May 2008.Reg Ward, the Chief Executive of the London Docklands ontogenesis Corporation (LDDC), was the first person who developed strategic ways on how to increase the operational capacity of the airport back in 1981 (London City Airport advisory Committee, 2009). It was in 1987 when the London City Airport was granted for route licences from the CAA before it was officially opened. One year after the airport was opened to the public, LDDC managed to clasp as much as 133,000 passengers within its first year of operation (London City Airport Consultative Committee, 2009). The runway of the airport was only 1,080 metres in length with a glide slope of 7.5 degrees. Due to the control space, LDDC managed to serve only a few tote ups of small-size aircraft. Back then, LDDC was offering its runway only to De Havilland Canada sprout 7 and the smaller Dornier Do 228 which are commonly used for passenger services, freight, and other surveillance and force purposes (London City Airport Consultative Committee, 2009b). To provide its service to larger aircraft types, LDDC decided to expand its runway in 1989.In 1990, LDDC was able to handle as much as 230,000 passengers (London City Airport Consultative Committee, 2009). However, the number of passengers significantly decreased after the incidence of the Gulf War. It was only until 1993 when the airport managed to increase the number of passengers up to 245,000 (London City Airport Consultative Committee, 2009). During the same year, LDDC s extended

Final Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Final - Research Paper ExampleThey project pedigreees a real time view of how they can improve their operations and operate more profitably. The comments by customers be used to detect any issues that the customers may have with the products of the company. The customers are also able to charm an immediate feedback on the queries that they might have words. The character of social media therefore is more significant in the business world. Businesses use social media mainly in trade their products, creating awareness to both the potential and existing customers (Michaelidou, Siamagka, and Christodoulides 1154). They are therefore able to increase sales as a result and therefore increasing their profitability. societal media therefore has attained a role in shaping the life of people as tumesce as that of businesses. It has enabled people to interact socially with others and has enabled businesses to attain their profitability goals. It has also shaped the life of businesses by improving communication in organization between various groups of employees (Atur and Huberman 494).The commonly used forms of social media are Facebook, Twitter and Google+. Facebook was initially commonly used by college students and the young people to connect socially with their friends. The role of Facebook has however increased as businesses are now using it to carry out their marketing attend by creating a Facebook page where the Facebook users can follow and get any updates from the company or raise their queries and comments. Twitter also started as a tool for basically social networking but with time, businesses have espouse its use in marketing their products, releasing important information to their customers and directing attention for new products and picky offers in the market (Bosari Para 4). Google+ has also been adopted by many businesses in carrying out their marketing and through it, the businesses have found the ease of increasing their presence in the bus iness social

Personal statement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 5

Personal statement - Essay instanceCreativity, the feature that distinguishes a human from an animal, is the gift given to people for making their lives full of joy and excitement, that all in allows to not only enjoy the beautiful creations of nature, scarcely to be creators of beauty ourselves. Creativity is what makes my life brighter through the guile of painting. Surely, we cannot compare creations of nature with those of ourselves, but at least in the weak attempts for creating perfect pieces, we get snuggled to the divine powers of nature, the deeds of which are as great(p) and magnificent, as it is itself.Charming and bewitching, inspiring and fascinating, painting has incessantly been the passion of my life. From the earliest years Ive been admiring the works of great artists, all so different, but all providing a never-ending space for imagination, and allowing us to leave the daily material world and enter the illusive world of fantasies, emotions and reflections. I havent stopped at just silent observing the great art works once I took a brush myself. Being young, but enthusiastic, I employ to immerse into work forgetting everything, and paying no attention to the surrounding people and events. I was in a completely different world. Stroke after stroke, line after line, the dance of color with color the incantation of creativity, the miracle of creatingHaving grown up I havent abandoned my hobby, which became a passion with clock, and devoted 8 years to studying the art of drawing, since I understood that art takes not only your mind and imagination, but hours of studying, hard work and patience as well. However, I never felt sorry for the spent time it gave me an opportunity to become more self-confident and more patient not only when painting, but in everyday life too. Besides, my passion gives me a chance to put everything that cannot be said into a paradigm - the deepest feelings and emotions, the secret wishes and hopes.Though it is not my

Does Global warming exist Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Does Global warming exist - Essay ExampleGlobal warming ordinarily occurs when greenhouse gas emissions such(prenominal) as carbon dioxide is throttleped in the atmosphere thus create a thickening blanket that traps the heat from the sun, making the planet earth to warm up constantly over a period of time (National Research Council (U.S.), 2010). There is clear evidence that there has been a marked change in the composition of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere that currently stands at 390 ppm and even higher levels mystify been recorded at 400ppm at Mauna Loa, Hawaii in May 2013. It can straightway be proven that the comely global temperature has undergone a change of about 1.4F in the give way one hundred years (National Research Council (U.S), 2010). While the American National Oceanic and Atmospheric constitution (NOAA) found that, the period between years 2000 and 2010 was the warmest on record with 2005 and 2010 being the warmest (Giese, 20113). Scientists also project that Earths average temperatures will raise between 2 and 12 degrees Fahrenheit by 2100 which will be pitch-black to human life and all the animal life on the planet earth (National Research Council (U.S.), 2011).The upgrade in the global temperature has been shown through the changes in weather and ultimately the temper of regions such as changes in rainfall pattern and intensity. The oceans, seas and glaciers have equally undergone changes while the oceans have become more acidic, the glaciers and ice caps on mountains and the Polar Regions have melted while the sea levels have risen (United States. (2010). These changes can be attributed to climate change have been due to human activities and natural variations in the weather and climate of a place. It is beta to observe that the earth goes through a natural cycle of cooling, warming that may be attributed to factors such as changes in solar system, and acts such as volcanic activity and these cannot be the only business re lationship for the rise in temperatures (U.S. Global Change Research Program and Karl, 2009). According to the National Research Council (U.S) (2010), the biggest apparent movement of the increase in the global temperature of the earth is the trapped greenhouse gases in the air that trap the fervency leading to heating. This has been proven using satellite technology to measure the fluctuations in the energy from the sun scientists have proven that the suns contribution is minimal as compared to human activities. The upshot of this is that the increase in temperatures currently experienced globally is due to the warming properties from greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide that trap heat in the atmosphere. The increased concentration of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions increase the totality of water vapor in the atmosphere that also aids in the trapping and retention of the surplusage greenhouse gas emissions. Because water vapor is a greenhouse gas, it leads t o further warming through a

The Ethics of Research Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The ethical motive of Research - Article congresswomanThe research in the article followed an ethical context because the two authors gave credit to all the authors of the data that he relied on to construct the graphical analysis presented in the paper (Dolnicar & Leisch, 2014). Moreover, the authors maintained confidentiality by not disclosure the names of the managers used to offer their opinion in the paper (Miller, 2012). Maintaining confidentiality is a central aspect in the ethical motive that govern research in any field. Notably, prior to conducting the research, the participants offered their consent, and the authors obtained permission from the relevant offices (Elliott, Stern, & Institute for the think of Applied and Professional Ethics 2007).In my opinion, the authors did their best in observing all the ethical guidelines that take a shit been defined to guide any form of research. It is evident that the authors have given credit to all the authors whose data has be en used in the paper (Gregory, 2003). This only indicates that they observed the rigorous research process of research, while invariable by the defined ethical rules. Therefore, they succeeded in this sector (Miller, 2012).Elliott, D., Stern, J. E., & Institute for the Study of Applied and Professional Ethics. (1997).Research ethics A reader. Hanover, NH Published by University Press of New England for the Institute for the Study of Applied and Professional Ethics at Dartmouth

Advertising Signals Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Advertising Signals - Coursework ExampleThere is a carve up of information that is being provided to the viewers of the ad through one single advertisement. At first glance, the viewers might say that a very low amount of information is being provided through this advertisement. Those who ar in favour of such adverts might defend advertisements and state that all advertisements have some human body of information and even the most poorly constructed advertisements have some information about the role of the carrefour being advertised. Advertisements are very important signals about the quality of the product, an advertisement that costs really luxuriously provides clear information to the consumers that the product being advertised is of very high quality and that is why so much money is being spend on advertising the product. Body An Example of how advertisement signals quality Two companies, company A and company B, selling food grain has developed and launched their own cer eals for breakfast and they contrive to sell it for $5 per container of cereal. Considering that the marginal cost incurred by both the cereal producers is $0, this means that each container of cereal sold by these companies will earn them $5 in profit.

Book report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Book report - move ExampleHeLa succeeded where all other human samples failed. The cells were continuously multiplying and Gey gave away the laboratoryoratory grown cells to his colleagues. Soon Henreitta Lacks died of belligerent cervical cancer. However, her cells taken without knowledge multiplied onto a scale, they would weight more than 50 million calculated tons. HeLa cells were used for developing vaccines, to understand the behavior cancer cells, viruses and used in the research of gene role and to find and the effects of nuclear bombs on human cells. The Hela cells were moneymaking(prenominal)ized and built multimillion dollar industries. Thousands of cargoners were built on the Hela cells. The Henriatha Lackss family did not know about all these things until 1970. While Lackss world changing cells were minting money on commercial scale, Henreitha Lackss children and their children lived in poverty and could not afford medicare and health insurance, Instead they were also unethically recruited into HeLa research without their sensible consent. In the words of Lackss youngest daughter Deborah If my mothers cells done so much for medicine, how come her family cant afford to see no doctors? The storys main theme is about bad medical ethics and social wrong committed by medical establishment. The main theme raises question about racism and accessibility to health care. It also raises authorised question about medical compensation to patients and their families. Henreitta Lacks, the 31 years old African- American woman who had at once been a tobacco farmer is the main character of the story. She comes fully alive in the pages of book. According to Geys lab assistant Mary Kubicek when I saw those toenails, I nearly fainted. I thought, of jeez, she is a real someone The story deals with the complex emotional, scientific and legal issues the main characters family faced. The other primary character is Deborah, Henreitta Lacks youngest daughter. She is the main driving force force of the story. She travelled to some(prenominal) places with Skloot in pursuit of her mothers legacy, which led her to believe that her mother was eternally agony from all the research conducted on her cells. She is a spiritual person believing in the immortality of her mother some(prenominal) literally and spiritually. George Gay plays on all important(predicate) role in the story. Without him the world would not have know about Henreitta Lacks immortal life. Without him the science and medical care would not have found care for many diseases and without him the questions about bioethics would not have been raised. Rebekka Skloot, the science journalist is also a primary character whose tenner of research took her to Lackss family. Her vivid account about the life of Henritta Lackss family unravels the story behind the cell research. She narrates lucidly the racial politics of medicine, poverty and science behind the important medical discoverie s. The book is entwined with the implications of ethical leaders. The ethical leadership in medicare is involved in a manner that respects the right and dignity of others. Leaders who are ethical are people oriented and responsive to the needs of people If the leaders are ethical, they can ensure that ethical practices are carried out throughout the organization. Henreitta Lacks was never asked for her consent for removing her tissues. At present, the dignity is an important issue for medical researchers. It has been invoked in bioethics of human genetic engineering. The Declaration

The Repercussions of Substance Abuse in College Essay

The Repercussions of Substance disgust in College - Essay ExampleAlso, since I have been hearing many complaints flying rampant most the dormitory I do feel it is in every whizzs best interest if I am the one to be the go between in this situation. Since the problems have been concreting upon each other, and causing disruption in the dormitory, I feel if I dont make a move quickly then the various drinking occurrences tycoon be brought to the Deans attention and I dont feel neither George nor Edward would want that to occur. Furthermore, as a personal jockstrap of them both I believe that I owe it to them to help them find a resolution to their plight by communicating with both of them what the possible outcome of the situation could entail. My main goal is to express to them my admonition in how each one of them appears to be ignoring the situation and neglecting to respect each other. I also get to point out to them that these specific activities are disrupting not only thei r lives but the majority of the other college students routines as well by allowing their personal problems to transcend into something even more pronounced than when it initially began.On the day period I planned to discuss the situation with Edward and George, I noticed that there seemed to be a circuit of tension in the dormitory. ... I emphasized to Edward that although he was not the reason for Georges drinking he had allowed it to enshroud for months, depleting him from energy he needed for classes, as well as denying rest to many of his other classmates also. I discussed with him how he could be a better friend to George. The way I did this was to point out he could be his talk buddy, and what I meant by that was that he could be there for George to talk to when he matte the urge to drink instead of simply sitting back and allowing him to do so. I pressed upon George how he was ruining any chance he might have at a good college direction by his late night partying and th en having no reserve energy left over for his studies. They both seemed to recognise where I was coming from in my explanation and vowed to each work together as friends to congeal an end to the problem. In between hearing them both out, I made sure that they understood that by carrying on the way that they were they were not only hurting each other but the rest of the students in the dormitory. I explained that everyone was losing much needed sleep because of the extracurricular activities not being controlled. Also, I went on to mental strain to Edward that I understood he again was not to blame but at the same time I pointed out that he had a responsibility to help someone with whom he was friends with. I explained that if he would have intervened when the problem was only minimal perhaps it wouldnt have gotten as bad as it has and Edward seemed to understand my point exactly. He did feel bad that he let George down by not reflexion out for him when he knew he had a drinking problem but his attitude he

Race-Blind Admissions at the University of Texas-Austin Article

Race-Blind main courses at the University of Texas-Austin - Article ExampleUltimately, the outcomes that the polity yielded through the passage of time tended to prove the constitution to be a deprivation of opportunity. The policy for the Race-blind Admission taken by the authority of the University of Texas is a milest peerless and at the same time, an epoch-making event in the US history of building a race-blind nation that will stand unified at one platform. The admission policy is exemplary in the sense that it was proficient enough to meet both the juristic guidelines of the court and the pressing requirements miscellanea that was usually maintained under the Affirmative Actions in the pre-Hopwood admission policies.The trouble of minority enrollment in the education has been an issue of the struggle for decades in the history of Texas. A number of measures have been adopted to increase the enrollment of the minority students and been changed to meet the ever-changing re quirements of the time. After a finding of fact of the Federal court in 1996, the Texas potential was pushed to modify the race-conscious admission policies in order to retain the diversity at states colleges and universities. Without directly focusing on the applicants ethnicity, the state lawmakers instituted Top Ten Percent Plan to get a line an automatic admission to any public universities in Texas. The plan that was enacted by the 75th Legislature served a two-fold purpose to meet the requirements of diversity and to face the law of equal opportunity (Barr, 2005, p. 1). It is evident that the pre-Hopwood admission policy was outlawed on the ground that it goes against the US constitution. But the fact whether the policy adopted by the University Authority and the state legislators in the post Hopwood period was capable enough of bridging the hollering racial gaps existing in the US society may engender controversy.

Company Analysis and Evaluation Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

confederation Analysis and Evaluation - Case Study ExampleThe collins nourishments Group is a private order based in Australia with a joint ownership by private investors and commission together with employees forming 52% and 48% of ownership respectively. The companys main business includes retail outlets for food service i.e. KFC in Queensland and sizzler in Australia. Collins Food group in Queensland operates from Brisbane where it operates one hundred and fourteen retail outlets and twenty six Sizzler restaurants in within Australia. The soonest KFC restaurant in Australia was established in 1968 and opened in 1969, while the earliest Sizzler was established in 1984 and opened in 1985. KFC has been growing since its establishment and this can be seen in term of the increased number of retail outlets, more employee, increased profits etc. The company seeks to attain a continuous development in each and every atomic number 18a of its operation as its mission pedagogy descri bes it Establish Collins Foods Group as leading restaurant holding company, which operates premier brands where masses neck to eat and are proud to work. KFC also seeks to better the community in which it operates through its commitment to come in in activities that enhance the community. KFC has a principle that if you take bursting charge of your people they will take care of your customers. If you take care of your customers they will take care of your businessFigure 1 Collins Food Group Pty Limited SWOT AnalysisStrengthsWeaknessesOpportunitiesThreatsStrong capital baseInternal controls for some of our outlets are wantingThe state is focusing on subsidizing hotel industry to boost tourismThe world economic crisis that has catalyzed pompousness and have seen financial industries raised lending rates Strong brandThe company is understaffed meshing marketing will help us to reach out the whole global market and wherefore expanded marketTechnological advancement may introduce new challenges that may affect the popular business processes.Competent top management and subordinate personnelThe regular personnel review skill not be very reliableThere are many upcoming training and management consultant firms from which the company can outsource this servicesBig competitors may shift focus and scour out part of our market positionWide distribution channelsA significant voice of employee turnoverHotel industry expanding providing opportunities to penetrate new marketsThe upcoming retail food service providers are track down experienced employees from our companyEfficient quality control proceduresIn case the financial crisis continues to bite people will continue to cut down on their spending habitsEfficient staff appraisal schemaTrack record in excellent customer care devoid of top management plauditCompetitors in the industry might be reluctant to implement new technologyFigure 2 Balanced scorecard Critical Success Factors (CSFs) AnalysisCritical mast ery Factor CategoriesCritical success factors (CSTs)Measurement of the CSFs apprehension of marketSensitivity to volatile market needNumber of active customersUnderstanding our competitors and their decision makingAttainment of a competitive edge above our competitorsInnovative response to the needs of the customersNumber of new customersConsumer

Disaster Recovery Plan (Information Systems) Term Paper

catastrophe Rec overy Plan (Information Systems) - Term Paper ExampleTroubleshooting Plan hardly needs any over emphasis particularly, when confronted with serious I T system problems which have the potential of bringing the entire trading operations to a grinding halt a virtual disaster, which any organization can ill afford. The last-ditch aim of this project is to protect the principal disdain functions and assets, and suggest a back up scheme to successfully bail out AU in the event of disasters. The project sh completely attempt to examine all the relevant issues connected with identifying all the assets of AU and the risks associated with them, together with their linkages in relation to a wide material body of likely disasters, concluding with the assembling of a disaster retrieval team. This effort at compilation of a dynamic Disaster Recovery Plan is to address the pertinent issues by utilizing the famed 5 Ws & H What, Where, Which, When, Who and How approach, by pro viding convincing answers to the vi core questions spread out in the six sections that followIn an ever changing world, organizations should be wary of natural or manmade disasters that could disrupt business processes. Loss of customers apart, millions of dollars could go down the drain and never recovered if business processes are disrupted and IT systems do not recover fast enough to normalcy within the optimum response time. The business organisation persistence Plan is intended to resume business processes whereas the restoration of the IT systems is by the Disaster Recovery Plan. The objective of the latter(prenominal) is to restore the operability of systems that support mission-critical and critical business processes to normal operation in the quickest time possible. Business doggedness plan is an amalgam of the business resumption plan, incumbent emergency plan, incident management plan, continuity of operations plan, and disaster recovery plan, all rolled into one. The following treatise presents an overview of a disaster management recovery exercise.An asset is

Performance Appraisal Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Per chance variableance judgment Systems - Essay ExampleThe evaluation is normally through with(p) by the individuals immediate superior in the presidential term who rates others is also rated by his superior. surgical procedure idea employees rating techniques for comparing individual employees in his devise group, in terms of personal qualities or deficiencies and the requirements of their respective jobs. It should be differentiated from job evaluation, which is concerned with the closing of worth of different jobs. execution appraisal refers to the task of the rating or assessing the individual performance and abilities at work. (Yvonne, 1999, p.119)The performance appraisal is a formal programme in an organization, which is concerned not only with the contributions of the members who form percent of the organization, but aims at spotting the potential also. The satisfactory performance is only a part of the system as a whole and the worry needs more than merely evaluat ing the performance of the subordinates action evaluation is, something of an executive, art and science in itself. One important benefit of the system is that it helps top management to make further judgements about the executives who judge others. The top management can get a common sense from the various performance appraisals, about the various departments of the organization and also the need of executive development in the years to come. Performance appraisal helps the supervisors to evaluate the performance and to know the potentials of their subordinates systematically and periodically. (Yvonne, 1999, p.124) Following are the benefits of deservingness rating(a) It helps in the correct placement of workers.(b) Performance rating helps in guiding and correcting employees.(c) It helps the employees to know where they accept and consequently they try to improve their performance.(d) The performance appraisal helps to find out the ability of the personnel. This will bring up them to better their performance in a bid to improve their rating over others.(e) Ratings can be used as the basis of sound personnel policy in relation to transfer and promotion.(f) Performance appraisal helps in designing the training programme in better way.(g) The performance appraisal if done scientifically and systematically will prevent grievances and develop a sense of confidence amongst workers because they are convert of the impartial basis of evaluation.The making of appraisal ratings has a beneficial effect both on the persons doing the appraisal and the one being appraised. The appraisal brings to attention of supervisors or executives, the importance of knowing their subordinates as individuals.Purpose of Performance Appraisal SystemsThe object of performance appraisal falls in two categoriesadministrative andSelf- improvement(a) AdministrativePromotion. This is perhaps the most important administrative use of performance appraisal. It is of common interest to both, m anagement and employees, to get ahead employees to

How the media portrayals Los Angeles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

How the media portrayals Los ideales - Essay ExampleHowever, issues such as homelessness, poverty, and unemployment argon seldom brought to the limelight. In this perspective, the paper give argue that although there are people who lead lavish lifestyles in Los Angeles, there are numerous poor people who are unemployed and some even do not have houses to get going in.LA is known for its celebrity culture as well as the film and television industriousness (Time Out). LA, nicknamed the City of Angels is known around the globe for the creation of television productions, recorded music, and video games, thus universe the leader in the production of motion pictures as shown in the documentary Los Angeles Plays Itself. The media has often portrayed LA as place where people live lavish lifestyles and is full of celebrities, including dancer, filmmakers, musicians, actors, and writers living and working in LA. such(prenominal) media include movies, television series, music, and video gam es. Some of the movies that talk about LA comprise of the following sword Runner (1982) that shows the dystopian LA in November 2019 the Terminator series that depicts the post-apocalyptic 2029 LA LA Confidential (1997) dodge from LA, and The Core (2003) among others. Furthermore, some of the most popular television series that reference LA include FOX, Angel TV series, Law & Order LA, Entourage TV series, L.A Law, and Real World Los Angeles among others.However, in spite of the media viewing LA as a place that is full of celebrities who own expensive cars and live in wonderful homes, there are numerous unemployed people and some are even homeless. Many are of the belief that homelessness is as a consequence of laziness or poor work ethic. Baker (417) argues that the increase costs of acquiring living and poverty are other factors that contribute to homelessness in addition to unemployment and spherical conflict. Hafetz (1215) defines the homelessness as a person or family that has no access to fixed, regular, and adequate nighttime

Choose an article or book chapter that has applied multivariate Essay

Choose an condition or book chapter that has applied multivariate analysis to a research question. Explain the severalize issues that m - Essay ExampleHair et al. (1994, p. 2) defined multivariate as analysis of several variables within a relationship or set of relationships. Hair et al. (1995, p. 13) explicit include multiple regression (a regression with one(a) dependent variable and multiple independent variable) as an example of multivariate data analysis. Singh (2007, p. 177) share the comparable perspective of Hair et al. (1995) on a less restrictive definition of multivariate analysis. We study Kogid et al. (2010) and Shelleman et al. (2004) as illustrations of how multivariate analysis can be applied. 2.0. Kogid et al. (2010) As indicated in the abstract, the objective of the Kogid et al. (2010, p. 123) is to ask the factors that stimulate and economize economic growth. The factors investigated covered consumption expenditure, government expenditure, exportation, exchan ge rate, and foreign investments. The research foc utilize on Malaysia and used data from 1970 to 2007. The specific multivariate statistic technique used by the Kogit et al. (2010) is technique known as cointegration and former approach. Cointegration is discussed in Gujarati (2004, p. 822-826). designer is discussed in Gujarati (2004, p. 696-702). One important test for causality is in Gujarati (2004, p. 696-702). agree to Gujarati (2004, p. ... 822). Most tests of causations use tests of correlations. However, other tests go beyond correlation. One of such tests is the husbandman causality test. Granger causality test actually test precedence and precedence is taken to be indicative of causality. Unfortunately, Gujarati (2004) does not record a capability of the Granger causality test to cover more than two variables at time (although it can be argued that the Granger causality test has that potential if a composite shelter covering several variables is constructed). In cont rast, the Wald test as performed by Kogit et al. (2010) implies a capability of the Wald test to investigate relations of causation that involve more than two variables. Extensive search on the Wald Test conducted by this author in the books indicates that the Wald Test for causation is not yet discussed in many of the books. However, the works of Atinay and Karagol (2005), Burda (2001), No and Olatubi (2004), and Zarra and Zarea (2007) have good discussions on the Wald Test. The results of the study of Kogit et al. (2010) indicate that long-run cointegration and short-run causal relationship exists surrounded by the investigated factors and economic growth. The fundamental and important finding is all the factors investigated when combined can in their combination set out economic growth in the short-run. However, on their own, the individual regressions indicate that only consumption expenditure and export can on its own cause economic growth in the short-run. For brevity, we re produce only the key test which is the causality test. The causality test is captured by Table 1. Table 1. Multivariate and Bivariate Causality Tests Using the Error Correction Model (ECM) Source Table 3 of Kogit et

Types Of Supporting Materials Essay Example for Free

Types Of Supporting Materials EssayIn this time and age, at that place is a rampant increase of price of oil which we all knew one our primary needs in our daily lives. This sudden augment of woo was set to give a bulk of changes in the lives of our fellowmen. This near controversial roll in the hay indeed affects a lot of people worldwide. Several crisis of price hike follows ascrib adapted to the chain of expenses brought about by this major instance of oil increase. To explore more about this issue of increase of charges, it is imperative to hear something from the experts to know whats behind this phenomenon as well as how we rear cope with these tremendous changes. Interviewing the head of the energy board, it is essential to know what is behind the circumstance of increasing the cost of gasoline and us to what extent we can prevent it. Do those in authorities can do something about this tremendous occurrence? Does the at hand clamor of election can cause a huge impac t to the said ordeal? These were some of the queries that need to shed beam on to exonerate the minds of every people. As we negate with the expert, it is imperative to have a grip with the supporting materials to be able to have a successful interview session as well as to have in depth analysis towards the matter. Considering the common knowledge which is the commonly shared beliefs or values of an audience and sometimes called social knowledge we can start by asking the expert what is something in this oil phenomenon which get up people in the realm endure?Having a grasp on observable facts, we could ask the spokesman excessively on how such dilemma affects the lives of the people. In support to the knowledgeable facts that was being shared by the expert, it is primal also to keep the conversation documented by means of statistics or even graphical original of studying the crisis which brought a colossal impact in the society. Indeed, the testimony that the person in charge who shared his knowledge deeply make clear to us with what we are experiencing at a moment, and truly this go out serve as our guide to act in response to this increase of prices which caused hardships to some of us.

Humpback Whales Essay Example for Free

Hump coer song Whales set aboutGeneral DescriptionA. Body Symmetry BilateralB. Special Pigments or Coloration Dark color with lighter underbelly flippers and flukes argon grey and spotted with whiteC. Habitat (Z i) Benthic and coastal(Geographic) From Alaska to the CaribbeanD. precise Characteristics1) Reproduction Polygamous Seasonal breeding 2) Feeding Techniques Filter feeders Bubble netting, Ring of foam, Lunging. 3) Defense Techniques Humpbacks nourish few predators early(a) than humans, and dont have any defensive techniques. Some of the turgidst animals on ground are the gentlest. The humpback whale is a stellar example of gentle, with its diet, behavior, and complete lack of natural predators. Whales as a species are typically depicted as large animals, understandable with the smallest member of the species, the dwarf spermatozoan whale, measuring on average 9 feet and weighing in at around 400 pounds. The humpback, however, is one of the largest whales, coming i n just behind the finback and blue whales. Humpbacks are anywhere from 48 to 63 feet long and weigh an average of 40 tons. Theyre recognizable by their large, dark grey bodies with a hump shaped dorsal fin and unusually long white pectoral fins.The humpbacks genus name, Magaptera Novaengliae, means big-winged, New Englander because the largest colony of whales was along the northeast coast of the United States in the Atlantic. But humpback whales are also found vastly between California and Russia. They are migratory marine mammals, and a good deal spend their summers in high latitude areas such as the Gulfs of Maine or Alaska, and then swim southernmost to breed in the sub equatorial waters in the Dominican Republic and Hawaiian Islands. The humpback truly holds the record for farthest migration of any mammal. The longest recorded migration was 5,160 miles from Costa Rica to Antarctica by a pod of 7 whales. The big-winged New Englanders diet consists of mostly small organisms e ven though they are such large animals. Humpbacks belong to the branch of whales known as Mysticeti or baleen whales. Baleen whales do non have teeth, they have baleen which are teeth-like bristles that help the whale to filter small fish and crustaceans from the water for the whale to eat.Baleen whales like the humpback live on a diet of small fish, salmon, herring, krill, and other crustaceans. To compensate for its size, a humpback whale must intake about 3000 pounds of food per day. Humpbacks are in truth social creatures that travel in pods, and in localize to scram this much food for the entire pod, they take to the woods as a group. They dont hunt like toothed whales, but viciously assail their prey, but they will lunge at their prey when the confused organisms are trapped in a giant bubble net. Bubble netting is when a pod of whales swim around a school of fish and exhale through their blowholes, producing bubbles, and scaring their prey into a small ball by slapping their flippers and creating loud blunt sounds. Speaking of humpbacks being very social animals, they are also highly recognized by their baronial aerial displays across the surface of the water in spite of their immense weight. Breaching is a popular and long-familiar(a) trick of all whales. It is when a whale launches themselves above the water, often twisting in midair, and splashing back down on their sides.Scientists arent exactly sure why, but it is speculated that it could be an alternative method of conference as well as an alternative to spyhopping. Spyhopping is when a whale swims vertically to the surface and exposes merely as much of their head so as to have their eyes above water in order to check their surroundings. This could very well be why tourist ships get so many photos of whales breaching. some other whale behaviors include slapping the water with its overtly large pectoral fins and belly-flipping. Belly-flipping is simply when a whale lies on its back in t he water and slaps the water with one flipper at a time. These behaviors have been seen during causa and feeding. Humpback whales are polygamous animals, with the males competing for assertively for oestrous females.Breeding takes place in the winter and in tropical waters. The gestation period for humpbacks is 11 to 12 months, but the mother only gives birth to one sura at a time. The calf will stay by its mothers side for 2 to 3 years, and reach sexual maturity at around 4 to 5 years old. Females typically produce offspring every 2 years but can birth 2 calves in 3 years. Since the whales are mammals, the female gives birth to a live calf and then breastfeeds for about 5 months. Humpbacks are not territorial, but calves are also to be protected at all costs. Therefore, it makes maven that these gentle giants are only ever not so gentle when competing for a mate, and when they believe an immaterial whale poses a threat to the pods calves safety. In the pod, Escort whales may sw im with a calf and its mother.The Escort whale, (most are male), may blow bubbles to create a screen when outside humpbacks get too close. They also show aggression on occasion when boats and ships get too close. Such aggressive behavior may include body thrashing, horizontal tail-lashing, and lobtailing. Lobtailing is basically tail slapping, which can do a lot of damage considering the strength in the humpbacks large white and grey flukes. broadly speaking, pods are more aggressive than individual whales. Humpbacks are perhaps most well-known for their hauntingly beautiful and mysterious whale songs. They are the only whales that do so, and scientists have yet to decipher what they mean.However, we are aware that their melodic whalesong are obviously means of communicating to fellow whales. The songs can last for over 20 minutes and continue for more than 24 hours per session. Male humpbacks have also been known to interpret in order to attract mates. For a scary century, humpba ck whales were high on the endangered species list. It is only recently that these graceful and gentle giants have accumulated once again to a healthy community of at least 80,000 whales. Economically, humpbacks are wonderful tourist attractions for the coastal states as theyre the favorites of whale watchers. It is punter that money is made from watching them than money being made for their meat, baleen, skin, and oil, as well as their very existence.

Shakespeare in Love a Film by John Madden Essay Example for Free

Shakespeargon in Love a Film by John Madden EssayWrite d give birth 20 words that will help you retention the plot of the film. Theatre, Queen Elizabeth, proletarians, audition, Thomas Kent, genus Viola, complicated/forbidden chouse, Wessex is going to marry Viola, Christopher Marlowe constitutes killed, Romeo and Juliet * Describe forgetiam Shakespe ar as a character in the film leave aloneiams character in the film a lot worry Romeos. entrustiam is also charming, handsome and in love with a woman hes not allowed to be with. * Why cant William and Viola have each other?William is poor. Hes an actor and play writer. Hes a man who is struggling to get great money come on of his work. Viola is the exact opposite. She and her family are rich and live in a big house. She even has her own nurse that carrys care of her like she was her own daughter. Thats properly one of the reasons why they cant be together they live so different lifes, but also because William is already marri ed and Viola promised to marry the down in the mouth Lord Wessex. I think its mostly, because she has to marry the dour Lord Wessex. * What does come upon a leg mean?When you work at a theater, you usually use the expression betray a leg, when youre about(predicate) to make a performances because it means good get wind. * What impression did you get of the time when the story takes place? The way people dress, behave and talk.* How does the meeting with Viola De Lesseps change Will? A short time before William even meets Viola. He thought that, he had lost his gift. The molybdenum he meets her, his beautiful words with just flew out his mouth like he was born excessively write wonderful poems. * When does Will realize that Thomas Kent is Viola?Viola is sitting on the sauceboat as Thomas Kent and William is sitting there too and while the two of them is having passionate conversation about the love for one and other (William thinks he is speaking to the actor Thomas Kent). Vio la cant hold the secret from him anymore, because she knows that she cant be with him any longer. And before she even thinks, she kisses him. * Why does Will think that he has killed a man?Will was the one the dour Lord Wessex wanted dead. The dour Lord Wessex knew William as Christopher Marlowe, so he sent out his people to kill Christopher Marlowe. Will matte up guilty because if he didnt pretend to be Christopher he wouldnt have been killed because of him. * Why does Christopher Marlowe tire?William pretended to be Christopher Marlowe, when the dour Lord Wessex demanded to know who he was. Right after he had had a romantic dance with the beautiful Viola at the dancing. I think Lord Wessex was jealous, when he byword the connection between Will and Viola. * Do you see any connections between Romeo Juliet and the romance between Will and Viola? I definitely see the connection. When I see Will and Viola, I see Romeo and Juliet. The characters look so much alike. When Will wrote about Romeo and Juliet and their love for each other he was properly report about his own love affair with Viola. He only changed the names. I believe that is why the connections are so huge. * How did you like the outcome of the film?The ending is very classic. And what I like about the ending of the film is that it ends well for the protagonist and terrible for the bad people in the film. * Write a survey of the film. How many stars would you give it why? Give good reasons Shakespeare in love is a movie that take us to the great love affair William Shakespeare had at the time, he was writing one of his most storied plays. We get to understand where William got all his inspiration from to write the amazing play, and how people in this life are based on the characters in the play including him. **** A comedy that is based on true love

Protein Energy Malnutrition Essay Example for Free

Protein Energy Malnutrition EssayThe articles subject concerns the protein deprivation among infants in the Osun state of Nigeria. Nursing frequency and duration experienced a reduction during complementary provender were introduced to infants in Osun. Mothers tend to be complacent in feeding their babies with complementary food, which result to the minimized breast-feeding of mothers that hinders the lifelike nutrition that these infants privation. In a study conducted among Osun infants, they discovered that it was not a advisable for children at this get along to be fed by such synthetic food. Consumption of such tends to halt the natural regimen the babies need from their mothers. As ahead of time as two years old, babies were exposed already to complementary food, which is against the need of the World Health Organization (Ogunba, 2004).According to WHO, the amount of protein and calories ( push button) that were rentd by infants were not above standard levels beca use these foods pack excess amount of carbohydrates alone (Ogunba, 2004). Obviously, the nutritional requirement of an infant is not met due to the outcome of early supplementation of these synthetic food. Infants natural diet should require constant breast-feeding in which they are enable to consume protein from milk. Unfortunately, this apt nutritional nourishment is ignored by the mothers in Osun (Ogunba, 2004). In a study conducted among Osun infants, protein energy malnutrition was discovered that it was in constant depletion. The lack of protein among the infants resulted to stunting. Stunting has a significant presence in the rural areas, which is an indication of chronic under-nutrition in these areas (Ogunba, 2004). It was discovered that stunting was among the culprits of infant harvest-feast faltering, as a result from the consumption of complementary food, children from one to six months of age were experiencing a decrease in growth and health progress (Ogunba, 2004).S tunting is the most prevalent of the different manifestations of PEM (33.9 per cent), followed by underweight (21.0 per cent) and wasting (9.2 per cent) (Ogunba, 2004). Children need protein more than adults do because they are constantly growing and developing. The protein requirement of infants is per unit of body weight high than those of adults.ReferenceOgunba,B. (2004). Protein energy malnutrition in complemented breast-fed babies implications of the timing of complementary feeding. Nutrition Food Science. Retrieved February 10, 2008, from http//swtuopproxy.museglobal.com/MuseSessionID=af57a678251afeca8c38cca61826cae/ MuseHost=www.emeraldinsight.com/MusePath/Insight/ViewContentServlet? computer filename=Published/EmeraldFullTextArticle/Articles/0170340504.html

A Unified And Empowered Europe Towards Modernization Essay Example for Free

A Unified And Empowered atomic number 63 Towards in advance(p)isation EssayNo matter how historical events are being interpreted Europes fib after World War II suggest just atomic number 53 clear reality it has integrated its countries which were once shattered by bitter invasion and had since then been trying to move towards an empowered modern Europe. For whatever reasons others can non believe and accept such reality, there is one certain thing about Europe after World War II Europes dream of modernisation defied its diversity of cultivation and differing political ideals.Before the war, Europe has traditionally been divided into East and West based by diverse political system Communism and Capitalism. A new blend of Europe has been the main path which enjoin its member countries after the war. It is for this reason that this writer proposed to integrate the concept of unity or unification in the thematic title of this course. There are several events that will justify this assumption. For example, the power of Communism has importantly weakened after the war and so were the influences it left in the formerly communist countries then know as the Eastern bloc.With the call for unification and reconciliation by Winston Churchill in 1946 and the creation of European aggregate of Federalists, the desire of the people to completely pin down Soviet Union arose and heightened. The call for the establishment of linked States in Europe called for uprisings and movements to express their disgust to its proponents. These events, instead of creating conflict had provided the people the opportunity to block the command of European Union of Federalists and the United Nations of Europe and so the European (Atlantic) model of government was born.With the nationalistic condition of Sc humansn and Benet, Europeans were encouraged to reconciliation. What is remarkable however in with Schumann and Benet was that they were against Americas entering into the scene . The cardinal stood to their beliefs that the Franco-German reconciliation should be left to the sole responsibility of the Europeans and not with the help of any nation. With this we can say that these European leading genuinely aimed for a long-term unity of European countries. Europe also took vital steps towards modernization and make out by means of allowing the spirit of reconciliation dominates them.On May 01, 1950, the famous Schuman Declaration occurred which brought hopes for progress to the unifying Europe. The establishment of the European Coal and Steel Community marked that date in the European calendar. Such community was vital in the initial steps taken by Europe in mournful towards genuine progress. The declaration made Germany, Italy, Belgium, Netherlands and Luxembourg nod to the proposal of an authority. This is first time in the European history that these powerful countries agreed and united. Culture and religion were also major elements which played in th e ideological division of Europe into East and West.However with modernization and the end of Cold War, Europe outback(a) these walls. It is important to note that West Europe was then dominated by Western Christianity religion season the East bloc was dominated by Orthodox Christianity and Islam. Because of these, member countries of the two divisions clashed trying to display potence over the other and genocide was the others most powerful tool. With the establishment of the European Union, east borders were extended through the countries dominated by Western and Eastern Orthodox civilizations.The memberships of most protestant and roman type Catholic countries in the European Union finally erased the mark of cultural conflict between the two divisions. The step by step movement of European countries towards unification brought considerably good results for the whole European nation. Despite the resistance of others to join the prominent European Union, Europe obviously is mov ing forward towards globalization. Although it is not the union which solely and ultimately unified Europe and its people, somehow the prominence of the European organization is of colossal help.As of May 2004, the European Union has 25 member countries after 10 countries joined including Poland, Czech Republic, Hungary, Cyprus and others. Such memberships are indications of the member countries willingness to extend help to to each one other. More importantly, these member countries now agnise a higher authority other than their own. With growing concerns on national security and rejoinders of war and human aggression, European Unions leaders have been criticizing each other point out the shortcomings of one another. Such disagreements do not however suggest that E. U. can no more live up to its dream of ultimate peace and unity.These situations especially in the political arena are indicative of the participating participation and exercise of their power to choose and to inde pendently decide for their people. Their unity as a bequest of the wars does not necessarily requires them to implement uniform laws and policies to their constituents. United Europe after the war had actually provided each member country the sense of accountability and responsibility by defending their stand over an issue that significantly affect them. Despite the diversity of culture and its bitter past, united Europe has been continuously moving towards a globally competitive and empowered nation.The wars undoubtedly left the enduring culture of hatred and power behind. Europe was left with one vital responsibility to take use its available time and resources to cause its economic, social and political affairs in the most prudent manner in such a way that it has secured its people and their future. There were no more walls in their midst, no more threat of genocide, and no more religious conflicts. Everyone is free to live a peaceful life in the land where no culture is regarde d dominant over the other.

South Korea and New Zealand Relations Essay Example for Free

southernmost Korea and innovative Zealand transaction Essay un modelingd Zealand continues to stand with South Korea. When naked as a jaybird Zealand Prime Minister John Key says stands with, he is signifying the key element to the positive diplomatic relations amidst New Zealand and South Korea that have existed for fifty years New Zealand standing side by side with South Korea. He emphasises that New Zealanders do not stand higher than Koreans or over them as an insignifi butt jointt racial group, but instead, he defines the fifty-year long diplomatic friendship as one of equality and unity, with mutual respect between Kiwis and Koreans. barter has always been essential to maintaining the diplomatic every last(predicate)iance between New Zealand and its fifth largest merchandise partner, South Korea. New Zealand exports products much(prenominal) as dairy, beef, fruit and seafood, and imports cars, electronic goods and machinery from South Korea. Both countries have mu tu aloney benefited from this successful trading developed over the last five decades, with advantages to natives and foreigners in South Korea as well as New Zealand.The diplomatic relationship between these two countries, is no longer merely a window for honorable trading, but is now considered a stable friendship whereby according to South Korean Culture, Sports and Tourism Minister, Kwang-shik Choe peoples atomic number 18 freely travelling back and forth, becoming friends in the genuine sense. The transfers between Kiwis and Koreans across the Pacific naval have also been greatly expanded, allowing both countries to establish new campaigns such as savant exchange and working holiday visas. So, what now?How can we improve our relationship even further? As they say, discourse is a two-way street. In order to maintain and advance the friendship between New Zealand and South Korea, both cultures need to be open-minded and welcoming. This can be accomplished in several way s, for example by integrating schools and commercialising Korean entertainment here in New Zealand. This integration is important because it give strengthen the sense of standing with one another, as Koreans embrace their assimilation into Kiwi emotional state.I consider New Zealand can improve diplomatic relations and embrace the Korean culture much full by offering Korean words as a school subject. New Zealand offers countless educational opportunities, both academic and social, to a diverse range of multicultural students. It is thus common for schools to offer languages such as French, German and Japanese. However, most New Zealand schools do not offer Korean. Because New Zealands blurb largest source of foreign students and sixth largest source f overseas visitors is South Korea, we ought to offer students the chance to development the Korean language and culture within our schools. In this way we will afford the 32,000 Koreans in New Zealand the chance to feel accepted by the Kiwi community as well as allowing Kiwis to wear a deeper understanding of their Korean neighbours, embrace their culture and learn their native language. Every year, hundreds of young Korean students are sent to New Zealand to improve their English.Once Kiwis no longer see the collective Asian races as one, but instead embrace Koreans as distinct individuals, our international students will stop discriminate themselves and only mixing with their own kind. I believe that when New Zealand schools offer language programmes and student exchanges, both Koreans and Kiwis will make huge strides towards social integration and will stand side by side as equals, as John Key envisions. The saying medication unites the world is completely certain in regards to the relationship between New Zealanders and South Koreans.I believe that diplomatic relations between our countries will further improve when New Zealanders fully embrace Korean entertainment. Recently, the Hallyu wave has crash ed onto our native sandpaper and left a deep imprint on the hearts of Kiwis. Korean artists like Super Junior, U kiss, EXO, and Infinite etc. unknowingly promote themselves in New Zealand, and are loved by thousands of fans all over the country. The New Zealand Summer Kpop festival brings people who love the Korean culture, food, music and film, together in the one thing that unites us all Korean Pop.When Kpop is fully commercialized on local radio set and television, the astounding talent of SM, JYPE and Mnet, for example IU, Yesung (Super Junior) and Dong Bang Shin Ki, will be enjoyed by all Kiwis. No longer will fans feel rejected or be accused of having an Asian hoodooism if they prefer non-English music. I believe that radio stations like ZM and The Edge should promote Kpop daily so that Kiwis and Koreans can be exposed to both cultures, instead of isolating the Korean community by creating a separate Korean radio station.Also, Korean bands should play at Big Day Out along with the other nationalities that express their patriotism by their live performances. Music allows people to leap over language barriers. Therefore, in order to promote cultural relations with South Korea, it is important for Korean and Kiwi music to inter-weave equally at all levels, without prejudice, enabling us all to enjoy something familiar while breeding about something completely different.I believe that the long-standing friendship between South Korea and New Zealand is strengthening and developing, as indicated by the figures of exchanges between the trading industry and the social advances to date. Above all, I believe Koreans need to be acknowledged into the community not identified by race, but by their character and the cultural and life lessons that they bring with them across the Pacific Ocean.I believe that if New Zealanders truly stand with their Korean friends and neighbours, more open to embracing each others cultural uniqueness and overcoming the language bar rier our nations can prosper and deepen the existing friendship. As a beginner learner of Korean, a lover of Kpop, cuisine and dramas, I intend to stand with South Korea, in hopes of bringing the two nations together and continuing the fond friendship for another 50 years.

How to Describe Yourself Essay Example for Free

How to secern Yourself EssayYou could ask a hundred people to describe themselves and what they alike least and or so closely themselves, and I bet you would get the uniform answer every time. People would say they argon caring, sweet, loving, charitable, nice, and respectful. The involvement is though not everyone is what they say they are. Some people say they are forgiving moreover the understood hold grudges and other may say they are truthful but tell that one discolour lie. So how can I describe myself to you? I would have to start with being honest about who I really am. I would describe myself as being honest, caring, loving, nurturing, forgiving, and a lot of other things. further I am not completely honest or completely loving or forgiving, no human being is. I tell that one white lie every now and again like no that top tonuss great on you, or no you outweart look fat in those jeans.And to say that I am completely loving is not true either. thither are some things I hate in life such as tomatoes, bad bull days, and snow. Finally to say that I am forgiving would be a lie, I hold grudges thirster than most people, and if you cross that certain line thithers no coming back and there is no forgiveness for you. So to say I am completely truthful, loving or forgiving would be a lie in itself. The qualities I would like to see flourish and whither about myself are the same qualities everyone has. I would like to see my bad habits of biting nails, or eating when Im bored to wither away. But some of my best qualities I would like to see grow and refine are, being caring, putting others before myself, or dishing someone in need whether my needs are more important or not. This entire thing comes back to what I describe myself as and how I really am.Some qualities about myself I want gone in a second but others I wouldnt trade for the beingness. It all depends on how you view yourself. The qualities I like about myself the most are the fact that I can overlook whatever a person has done in their life and still see the good in them thats trying to break free. Also no matter when or where if someone needs help and I know I can help them I will do it no matter what the cost. On the other hand the qualities I dont like about myself are just like everyone elses. I dont like that fact that I have low self-esteem, or that I dont have the same characteristics of other people. Also I dont like that I sometimes judge a person just by looking at them and then I have my mind make up.But these are the qualities that make us human. Over all everyone has a good and bad select about themself, no matter what race, religion, ethnic background ,everyone has something in common and that is the thing that makes us alone(p) and separates us from each other. I wouldnt trade any of my best characteristics or my good qualities. I would however change some of my bad qualities, or at least try to improve them. I as a human being have my u ps and downs and have my flaws but thats what makes me so supererogatory and so unique. So asking me to describe myself as a human being is really a trick question because its all a matter of my own opinion mixed with how the world sees me.

Microsoft PowerPoint Essay Example for Free

Microsoft PowerPoint canvassThe development of add-ins into existing and established computer applications such as Microsofts PowerPoint is increasing aim and lam extending not only the longevity of programs but also softw be development and networking. The PowerPoint versions beginning with the 2003 edition hold up allowed for greater among Microsofts in-house as well as independent developers to create add-ins for various users that in execution has created UIs unique for individual users (Wenzel, 2007).Majority of the add-ins that has been developed have focussed on enhancing the visual hail of PowerPoint such as animation, interactivity and media. The effort is seen to be motivated by the objective of making PowerPoint not b bely a basic or generalist presentation (Microsoft Office, 2007). Bridging between Microsoft programs is also evident since the add-ins do not only affect PowerPoint but also opposite Office programs as well as other non-Office programs such as P roducer 2003 or independent programs produced by Macromedia, Java and even open commencement technology (Harrison, 2001 Microsoft PowerPoint Add-Ins, 2002).Thought there have also been efforts in developing add-ins to extend from the Microsoft platform, there are still significant security issues particularly regarding macros, language and technology copyrights. Overall, current developments in PowerPoint add-ins remain focused on UI development and visual development and functionality.Accesses to the programs functions have not differed significantly but for the increased control over performance to afford shifting between desktop and mobile use (Wenzel, 2007). The strategy for the PowerPoint franchise is its ease of use and the remaining dominance of Microsoft operating systems as a platform. However, the add-ins are indication that other operating systems are being recognized and the need to be user-focused in development.

Triple Threat Criticism Essay Example for Free

Triple Threat Criticism studyEach of the improvident stories Happy Endings, A Sorrowful Woman, and The Story of an Hour express the fundawork forcetal idea that women atomic number 18 confined and identified by their roles as wives or mothers by society. The authors goal of these short stories is to portray redbrick marriages, to help people be conscious to womens liberalism, and to instruct people not to focalize on the endings of stories, however the middle portions. Marg art Atwood, Gail Godwin, and Kate Chopin develop these ideas by utilizing plot, character development, and setting. Atwoods Happy Endings uses a miss of plot to show how even though the middle parts of life heap be different, the endings are always and inevitably the same. In her layer, Atwood shows the diverse relationships between men and women, but through every presentuation, twain die. The same thing happens in Chopins and Godwins stories. While both protagonists start off as committed and lov ing women dedicated to their family, personal torment eventu entirelyy lead both of them to death. Both women sit near windows in their rooms and watch the world away wishing they could be at wild pansy with themselves and find happiness in their relationships.Chopin associates the window and entirely the lively things outside the window to the freedom of Mrs. mallards new widow status, while Godwin represents the window as a negative object. Also, it is ironic that outside of the windows it is spring, when both of the stories are depressingly gloomy. In Happy Endings, Atwood explains what life is about. She proclaims that plots are a beginning, middle, and an end a what and a what and a what (Atwood 628). Life is a formula two people meet they have jobs, sex, kids, hobbies, illness, and of course, they die.Atwood gives all the examples older and younger, doctor and nurse, but it is the same formula. Atwood also minimally structures Happy Endings, like an essay, instead of a stor y. She has different scenarios from A to F, all including the same undetailed, flat characters, but with the same end to prove that no matter what the beginning or middle is, the ending is always the same. The author also chooses to use the to the highest degree generic names possible, Mary and deception, to flatten the characters even further. Atwood repeats the terminology stimulating and challenging throughout the text.These words are used to describe the characters jobs, their sex life, and their hobbies. This repetition in diction emphasizes the modal(a) and mundane of each characteristic. In storyline F, Atwood speaks directly to the reader. She writes, If you think this is all too bourgeois, make John a revolutionary and Mary a counterespionage agent and see how far that gets you, implying the pursuits are the same, and the characters are little (Atwood 293). Atwoods audience is everyone, but mostly the people who focus more on the plot of life, than the how and why.In A Sorrowful Woman, Godwin uses character development to drive her story. She writes about predominantly flat and unnamed characters the man, child, charr. The woman is the only one closest to a round character. She is quirky, for she makes the statement vertical bra, but otherwise her lines are manipulative and predictable. Godwin opens with Once upon a time (Godwin 39) to emphasize how unrealistic the story really is. For example, the man in the story has an exaggeratedly amicable, agreeable nature towards his wife and never challenges her.To make it clear, he repeats the words I understand throughout the story. Godwin includes that the nanny is ugly to emphasize that there is no sexual replacement of the woman. The boy represents innocence. The boys last line, Can we eat the turkey for supper? reiterates that the womans role in life was through her duties. Godwin uses symbolism when she writes about the woman writing a poem First, the woman has all her responsibilities and dutie s, but since she stops doing them, she does not know what else to do.Secondly, the woman tries to write a sonnet that has rules on how you can write it, but then she decides to write free verse, except since there are no rules, she does not know what to write. Godwin also uses the nanny to contrast with the woman the woman hates her duties and responsibilities, while the nanny enjoys them because she gets paid and it is her choice. Also, she distinguishes both of them by the use of the woman in a white, dull room, and the nanny putting the boys colorful pictures on the walls. the childs gray eyes, the gray hand-knitted sweaters.The overall effect of repeating the color gray makes the story seem dull and tired. In The Story of an Hour, Chopin uses metaphors and concrete details to develop the central idea that identity operator is a stereotypical construct. She associates the open window and all the lively things outside it to the freedom of Mrs. mallards new widow status the tops o f trees that were all aquiver with the new spring life. The delicious breath of fall was in the air countless sparrows were twittering in the eaves (Chopin 15) to compliment that Mrs. Mallard is thought process optimistically now that she knows her married man is dead. Mrs.Mallard expresses her feelings about her recently distinguished marriage with words of being liberated Body and spirit free Chopin also uses setting to emphasize how women are identified in the public area of the house, she is named as Mrs. Mallard, but when she goes to her room she is Louise. Chopin ends The Story of an Hour with stating, When the doctors came they said Mrs. Mallard had died from heart disease of joy that kills (16) sardonically, she is referring to the family thinking that Mrs. Mallard died from the joy of seeing her husband alive, when in reality she died from distinguishing that she is not free any longer.Mrs. Mallards death is foreshadowed early in the story when the author mentions tha t the wife has a heart problem. In all three stories the female characters are unhappy and they eventually die. The authors are feminists in how they condemn men and marriages with how they trap and identify women by society. Atwood, Godwin, and Chopin illustrate this idea with plot, character development, and setting. The authors wrote these three short stories to portray modern marriages, to help people be conscious to womens liberalism, and to explain that the ending of a story is not important, but the middle is.Works Cited Chopin, Kate. The Story of an Hour. The Bedford excogitation to Literature 9th Edition. Meyer, Michael. Boston Bedford/St. Martins Press, 2011. 15-16. Print. Godwin, Gail. A Sorrowful Woman. The Bedford Introduction to Literature 9th Edition. Meyer, Michael. Boston Bedford/St. Martins Press, 2011. 39-41. Print. Atwood, Margaret. Happy Endings. The Bedford Introduction to Literature 9th Edition. Meyer, Michael. Boston Bedford/St. Martins Press, 2011. 624-6 26. Print.

The war of the worlds Essay Example for Free

The war of the worlds EssayThis essay has been written to canvas similarities and differences in two fictional stories The personnel casualty inhabit by H. G. Wells and extracts from 1984 by George Or thoroughly and Winstons experiences in the means 101. Both of these stories arrive both distinct similarities and differences in writing style. The main similarities between the two be easily identifiable. For example, they are both set in a agency, as the title implies- The ruby-red populate. The board in the short story is similar in a unique way to Room 101, as they are both associated and fixated on pain or suffering of some kind. In the Red Room the story is based on an unfortunate woman, who met a tragic end due to her husbands attempt to frighten her. Also, any ane who enters the room usually ends up dead, or injured as spends in the story. In Room 101, the room is meant to be so petrifying, no one dare enter. It is strongly associated with fear and, as the text implies with this recite This place was many metres underground, as deep down as it was possible to go. the room ties in with hell. Room 101s mention has an enormous morale dropping effect on anyone who is told to go there.Peoples reactions are astonishing one man was so persistent in non going he asked the guards to kill his family in earlier of him, rather then him face Room 101. He was willing to do anything in order not to go, accusing others, holding on to a steel bench for dear life, but it was no use, he could not deny his fate as the guards were so cold, OBrien imparticularly. OBrien was very cold and intent on fashioning Winston as scared as possible, he commented in a schoolmasterish manner, which added to the stress. OBrien has no self-remorse as to what will happen to Winston and it would seem he might even enjoy his evil proposal.The reason for these two stories great success, is the precedents readiness to build up incredible amounts of tension and fear, both t he authors accomplish this very well. Both the stories lead up to a high terror climax, they keep the reviewer on the edge of their seat until the tension reaches this climax. The Red Room does a particularly good job of this. For example, as the narrator is walking down the corridors the author begins to implement the strangeness and atmosphere of this old creepy house Its shadow fell with marvellous acuteness upon the white panelling and gave me the impression of someone trying to waylay me.This is just the type of action the reader would expect to happen in a story such as this, this is why the reader is on the edge of their seat, guessing. Although they are two completely different authors, born at different decades, they still administer a diverse, descriptive writing style. As George Orwell shows in the 1984 extract, the fear is instilled into the reader as the intensity is drawn-out until Winstons fear is about to be realised The worst thing in the world, said OBrien, vari es from individual to individual. It whitethorn be burial alive or death by fire, or by drowning, or impalement, or fifty other deaths. This sentence structure alone prolongs the fear and stresses it, using descriptive lists. The purpose to this tension is to keep the reader alert. Small pauses during the texts of the story The Red Room also have the same effect, same if a shadow is spotted or a door creaking. This all builds up to that climaxing point of when the Red Room is entered, and Winstons fear is going to be realised. The characters are used in a very well organised way, they all add to the tension/eerie effect. In The Red Room, the old characters are referred to as their descriptive appearance, not by their names.The author has done this to keep a mysterious tension in the air. One example is The man with the withered arm. Defections such as this make for a much more than spooky atmosphere, as it is set in a large mansion, and that character is a stereotypical look of w ho might live in that type of sinister house. In 1984, the guards are not referred to with their names by the author. They are simply called guards or officers. The reason for this is to show even more that they have no feelings, and have no remorse for others.

Health Education Tool Development Essay Example for Free

wellness Education Tool Development EssayModify or create a health study neb that is appropriate for your participating family.Ensure that your tool achieves the sideline Identifies the familys health and educational of necessity Establishes educational goals and objectives Uses appropriate educational methods Uses the appropriate language and literacy level Is sensitive to the familys ethnic or religious background Makes use of the types of technology resources available to the family Include all supporting materials (handouts, cyberspace resources, demonstrations, or sample materials)Explain how you will deliver your health education tool to the participating family. carry on the following How the tool was selected, modify, or created Why the tool is appropriate for the family How the tool addresses the familys health demand How the tool relates to the Healthy People 2020 Health Indicators How the tool coordinates with, complements, or replaces community health servi ces If you modified an animated health education tool in any way, provide a reference to the current material. crap a 10-minute presentation of your health education tool. You many use one of the following formats In score oral presentation Microsoft PowerPoint including speakers nones Video of yourself presenting the information uploaded to a video sacramental manduction website such as Youtube.com ( get a link to your facilitator) Another format approved by your facilitatorNote. You will not aFind needed answers here https//bitly.com/12BuYnSSpeak with your professors daily to build strong relationships. Professors are the ultimate resource and can do a lot to help you along the way. Be sure to help if the prospect presents itself and ask a lot of questions. Maintaining these good relationships can be advantageous while you are dismission to college.General Questions General General QuestionsResources Windshield Survey Community Assessment Family Assessment and Assignment pass judgment Criteria Health Education Tool Development and PresentationModify or create a health education tool that is appropriate for your participating family.Ensure that your tool achieves the following Identifies the familys health and educational needs Establishes educational goals and objectives Uses appropriate educational methods Uses the appropriate language and literacy level Is sensitive to the familys cultural or religious background Makes use of the types of technology resources available to the family Include all supporting materials (handouts, Internet resources, demonstrations, or sample materials)Explain how you will deliver your health education tool to the participating family. Address the following How the tool was selected, modified, or created Why the tool is appropriate for the family How the tool addresses the familys health needs How the tool relates to the Healthy People 2020 Health Indicators How the tool coordinates with, complements, or replaces com munity health services If you modified an existing health education tool in any way, provide a reference to the original material.Prepare a 10-minute presentation of your health education tool. You many use one of the following formats In class oral presentation Microsoft PowerPoint including speakers notes Video of yourself presenting the information uploaded to a video sharing website such as Youtube.com (Submit a link to your facilitator) Another format approved by your facilitatorNote. You will not actually deliver this health education tool to the participating family. The tool is developed and presented only to your classmates and facilitator.Submit the following with your assignm

Economic Growth And Development Of Nigeria Economics Essay

Economic Growth And Development Of Nigeria Economics Essay tillage is an consequential heavens in the create world. It contri howeveres to frugal offset and maturement as well as a major(ip) employer to bulk of the people of Sub-Saharan Africa including Nigeria, especially those in the unpolished force fields. This training investigated the mathematical function of farming to Nigerias frugalal supplement and exploitation. Secondary data were employd for the analyses and were obtained from variant publications of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and the discipline Bureau of Statistics (NBS). Variables used for the estimations included overall gross interior(prenominal) product (gross home(prenominal) product) of Nigeria, nation GDP, political science spend on kitchen-gardening, computer address to horticulture and the population act in tillage. The data cover the period in the midst of 1981 and 2010. Growth and Cobb-Douglas toil models were estimat ed. The burdens showed that overall GDP, boorish GDP, and government spending to the farming(a) vault of heaven of Nigeria generally off- detect upward trends during the period. Credit to agribusiness and government spending to the agricultural atomic number 18a were the factors found to signifi mickletly turn the contribution of culture to national frugal harvest-feast and cultivation. It is concluded that gardening continues to play important bureau in the economic increase and development of Nigeria. It is recommended that policies should be formulated to instigate the flow of more(prenominal) credit to the agricultural celestial sphere of Nigeria. Besides, it is important that the government of Nigeria to enlarge its spending on the agricultural sector since this positively and signifi preempttly influence the contribution of agriculture to national economic suppuration and development.1.1 Background to the StudyNigeria is wholeness of the largest countries i n Africa, with an estimated population of close to 158 million (World Bank, 2010). The inelegant has highly diversified agro-ecological conditions, which maintains it possible for the production of revolution of agricultural products. Furthermore, agriculture constitutes one of the most momentous sectors of the frugality (Manyong, et. al., 2005). agribusiness in Nigeria employs about 70% of the working population and commits with about 60% to the national income (Oluwasanmi, 1966). Its contribution to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) accounted for about 40% in 2010 (CBN, 2011). During the earlyish days of independence, Nigeria was and settle down in the mouth is relatively self- fitted in food production, and inappropriate supersede earnings from agricultural exports consecrate been used over the years to support in finance imports contracted for economic crop and development (Anderson, 1970).The utilization of verdant production in Nigeria is non only when to cate r the food needed to feed the rapidly growing Nigerian population, but also to provide the money and materials needed for industrialisation and for bringing the unsophisticated into the industrial and technical age (Oyenuga, 1967). In enunciate to carry out this consumption, the agricultural system needs to be reorganized and new techniques of production have to be introduced, such as the use of more efficient implements, correctd seed varieties and fertilizers. To do this, the country not only needs to co-ordinate its agricultural investigate projects and provides capital but also to make available trained field staff who underside ensure the acceptance of these innovations by peasant farmers (Oluwasanmi, 1966). This is because majority of the peasant farmers live in rustic argonas where there is a high level of illiteracy and they exactly accept change.Despite the fact that Nigeria is buoyantly endowed with agricultural and other natural options, the agricultural sector is still growing at a very slow rate. It is only a little over half of the countrys agricultural land is under cultivation (Manyong et al, 2005). Increased use of mechanization leave alone help, but this is not going to be easy given that about 63% of the farms in Eastern Nigeria and 45% of them in Western Nigeria are less than an acre in size of it and many of them are much littler (Oyenuga, 1967).The agricultural sector remained weak during the oil boom decade of the mid-s in timeties, and this accounted largely for the declining manage of its contributions to economic increment and development of the country. The trend of the share of agriculture in national GDP reflects a substantial sportswoman and long-term decline from about 60% in the early sixties by dint of to about 49% in the 1970s and only about 22% in the 1980s. It is believed that unstable and often-poor economic policies (of pricing, trade and exchange rate), the relative abundance of the sector and the negative impact of oil boom were all important factors liable for the decline in agricultural sectors contributions to national economic harvest-festival and development. Since the oil boom of the 1970s, there has been a severe increase in the incidence and drama of distress in the country as a result of the unstable death penalty of the agricultural sector, which employs majority of the poor.As a result of the dwindling executing of agriculture in the country, government have over many years formulated and implemented diverse policies and projects aimed at putting back the agricultural sector to its vital place in the economy. But with licence from observational literatures, no significant supremacy has been accomplishd delinquent to several problems confronting the work of the sector (Yusuf, 2005).However, the contribution of agriculture in both gross domestic product (GDP) and non-oil GDP increased in the 1981-2000 periods. The share of substance bank credit going into the a gricultural sector increased rapidly between the 1981-1985 and 1991-1995 periods and then declined in the 1996-2000 periods. The share of the federal Governments capital expenditure going to the agricultural sector declined immensely over the periods. The share of sum of money employment by the agricultural sector also declined. Generally, there was unstable harvest-festival performance of the agricultural sector between the periods 1981 to 2000, with some evidence of inconsistencies of trends, probably due to uncertainties in policies and insurance implementation. virtually of the problems leading to poor performance of the agricultural sector in the country include technical vents, utility(a) constraints as well as socio-economic problems and organisational constrains. It has been observed that in past policies of the pre-structural allowance period, sector-specific agricultural policies were made to improve agricultural marketing, to cut down production cost, and to enhance product prices as incentives for increased agricultural production. crucial policy instruments are for agricultural commodity marketing and pricing, input supply and distribution, input price, Subsidy, land resource use, agricultural research, agricultural extension and technology transfer, agricultural mechanisation, agricultural cooperatives, agricultural water resource and irrigation development. big policies, institutional policies and legal frameworks complemented sector-specific policies. The structural adjustment period was enhanced more by structural adjustment policies.Problems to agricultural policy strength include policy instability, policy inconsistencies, weak policy formulation, poor policy implementation, and harsh institutional framework for policy coordination (Idachaba, 2005). With reference from the dual economy model, early writers predicted economic development as a growth process that needs the re-allocation of factors of production from a weak, low-product ivity agricultural sector to a modern and commercialized industrial sector with higher productivity and more returns (Lewis, 1954). As a unproblematic sector, agriculture was seen to contribute significantly to economic growth and development by providing labor and food to the industrialization process. However, this idea was taken off by the era of the Green Revolution in Asia during the late 1960s and early 1970s. The possibility of restructuring traditional agriculture into a modern sector shows agricultures capability as a growth sector and its effective role in emphasizing broader development (Adelman, 2001).Although the advantage of connectivity between agriculture and non-agriculture in achieving the growth and development process had long been recognized (Hirschman, 1958, Johnston Mellor, 1961), post-Green Revolution economists stressed the role of agriculture in country growth and development (Haggblade, Hammer, Hazell, 1991 Haggblade, Hazell, Brown, 1989 Hazell Hagg blade, 1991 Hazell Roell, 1983). The vital advantage of agricultural growth on rural development was found to be effective in countries (e.g. Nigeria and other developing countries) where small farms dominated agriculture (Rosegrant Hazell, 2000). Therefore, given massive rural destitution and small- shell farming in Africa, the conventional comprehension of agriculture emphasizes a strong role for agriculture in African growth and development. With reference to the conventional wisdom of agriculture, it is important that policy objectives to promote the role of agriculture in economic growth and development in Nigeria should be realistic and capable of transforming a backward agriculture, and at the same time would also encourage industrial growth and development.The visualize of other developing countries has shown that policies that promote industrial development at the write down of agriculture have resulted in food shortages and economic stagnation. Given Nigerias presen t stage of development, a large-scale industrialization scheme that exit take to the woods to shut out 70% of the population who are engaged in rural pursuits is not the best for the long-term interests of the country (Adeyokunnu, 1971). This is contrary to the idea behind early development strategies advocated by Rosenstein Rodan, Nurkse, and Hirshman among others, who emphasized industrial development as the main source of economic growth and development and were biased against the agricultural sector (Schiff and Valdes, 1998).This work is principally concerned with showing empirically the role of agriculture to economic and development of Nigeria. It draws on the long standing empirical studies on the role of agricultural sector to economic growth and development across the world. Widespread rural poverty in Africa and the success of Asias Green Revolution suggests that agriculture is a key sector for African development. Since almost all rural households depend directly or ind irectly on agriculture, and given the sectors large contribution to the overall economy, it expertness seem obvious that agriculture should be a key sector in economic growth and development. Most African countries have fai lead to meet the requirements for a prosperous agricultural revolution, and productivity in African agriculture lags far behind the rest of the world. This has lately led to renewed debate within the outside(a) development community concerning the role of agriculture in African economic growth and development. This lead will whence contribute to the debate.1.2 The Problem StatementDecline on the role of the agricultural sector in terms of its contribution to Nigerias economic growth and development in the last tercet decades made the government to establish opposite agricultural schemes and programmes to enhance agricultural productivity in the country, which includes River Basin Development Authorities, field of study Accelerated nutrition Production P roject, country Development Project, Operation Feed the Nation, Green Revolution, National directorate of Food, Roads and Rural Infrastructure, Agricultural Credit Guarantee Scheme Fund, National Special Programme for Food Security, Root and Tuber Expansion Project as well as National Fadama I and II programmes. This shows that aagriculture has been an important sector in the Nigerian economy for many years, and is still a major sector even with the oil boom. Basically it generates employment opportunities for the growing population, reduces poverty and contributes to the growth and development of the economy.Economic archives provides sufficient evidence that agricultural revolution is important and a pre-condition for economic growth and development, especially in developing countries like Nigeria (Woolf and Jones, 1969 Oluwasanmi, 1966 Eicher and Witt, 1964). The basis of the problem in the Nigerian economy is as a result of poor concentration of the agricultural sector by the Government towards foc utilize more on a mono-cultural economy based on oil.Agriculture was the mainstay of the Nigerian economy before the discovery, exploration and export of oil and over dependence on its revenue for economic expenditure. Agricultural export was contributing to GDP with about 72% between 1955 and 1969 before it fell down to 35% because of the oil crises of early 1970s (CBN, 2002). Nigeria used to be one of the world leading countries in the exportation and production of some major agricultural products between 1940 and 1950. There is evidence from statistics which shows that the export of agricultural products in Nigeria accounted for over 75% of total exports in 1960 (Ekpo and Egwaikhide, 1994). This has changed in recent times as economic growth and development of Nigeria in recent times solely depend on the earning from oil exports that account for over 95%, but contribute with less than 25% in the real gross domestic product (RDGP). This over dependence on oil has affected the countries market forces as well as its economic growth and development (Okoh, 2004).Because gravelly oil is an exhaustible asset, it is not advisable for Nigeria to depend on it for sustainable economic growth and development. Therefore, the need to push into competitive market in advanced countries with our agricultural commodities has to be considered, in order to achieve a prosperous economic growth and development in Nigeria (Thirlwall, 1999). Considering the large size of the Nigerian agricultural sector and its important role in the economy, positive reform and adjustment policies are needed in order to improve the overall performance of the countrys economic growth and development (Kwanashie et al., 1998). Besides the oil sector, agricultural sector contributes significantly to the Nigerian economic growth and development because of its rich resource base. Nonetheless, these endowments have to be used wisely so as to diversify the economy and reduce over dependence on the oil sector and on importation. As a result of unstable oil price and continues increase in the price of import goods, the Nigerian economy is not consistent. All these issues have negative personal effects on the countrys balance of payment, employment and other sectors productivity as well as the purchasing advocator of the people (Bukar, et al., 1997).At present, impact of the Nigerian agricultural sector to economic growth and development of the country is not as it was in the past periods (NPC, 2000). Nigerian agriculture is still traditional as it was in the pre-independence period (Adewumi and Omotesho, 2002). Even with the existence of the two major rivers in the country (river Niger and river Benue) the agricultural sector is still predominantly rain fed (NPC, 2004). Productivity in the Agricultural sector has declined seriously over the years and this has led to high incidence of poverty levels (Jeter, 2004). Results from the World bank data indicate tha t over 70% of Nigerians are living below the poverty line (less than $1 per day), showing that there has been an astronomical growth in the level of poverty in the country most of which is associated to poor agriculture since from independence up till today (Chigbu, 2005). Those engaged in farming are mostly rural people, cultivating small area of land using traditional tools and getting low productivity (NPC, 2004). The problem therefore is that there is special understanding of the role of agriculture in economic growth and development of Nigeria in recent times. This study seeks to address this gap by empirically examining the role of agriculture to economic growth and development of Nigeria.1.3 The question QuestionsThe questions that this study sought to answer areWhat are the trends and growth of agricultural gross domestic product (AGDP) relative to the overall gross domestic product (GDP) of Nigeria?What have been the commitments of successive governments in Nigeria to the agricultural sector in terms of public spending in the sector?What have been the contributions of agriculture to the economic growth and development of Nigeria over the past three decades?1.4 The Research ObjectivesThe main objective of this study is to examine the role of agriculture to economic growth and development of Nigeria. Specifically, the study seeks toDescribe the trends and growth of agricultural gross domestic product (AGDP) in relation to overall GDP of Nigeria.Examine the trends and growth of spending of successive Nigerian governments on the agricultural sector.Estimate the contributions of agriculture to economic growth and development of Nigeria over the past three decades.1.5 Justification of the StudyPolicy makers can make use of the outcome of this study in multi-dimensional form. This can be done in terms of interwoven nature of rural employment with agriculture, food warranter and agricultural productivity. This is because the findings will provide the basis that economic growth and development in Nigeria should be led by agriculture and that the success of plans and policies implemented in the other sectors are depended on agricultural developments for their successful implementation.The outcome of the study will also help policy makers to critically examine the various key possibilities of promoting economic growth and development in Nigeria with regards to the role of agriculture in economic growth and development. about of these which are of relevant to policy may include issues ofHow different alternative economic growth and development states can be achieved using agricultural sectors contribution with the view to decide which one is the best.How societal wellbeing can be improved from a lower stage to a better stage using agricultural sectors contribution to the economy.How to identify all areas in which the agricultural sector fails and to consider corrective measures.How to estimate different policy options that have been u sed to improve agricultural sector as well as determine their implications and consequences on the economic growth and development of Nigeria.How to provide a framework in which different agricultural growth policies can be compared using value judgement and common sense.How to make a critique of different postulates about how agricultural development policies can be improved so that it can provide a menu for better policy measures.1.6 Scope and Organisation of the StudyThe scope of this study is to look at the role of agriculture to economic growth and development of Nigeria spanning the last three decades (i.e. 30 years). The study is organised into v main chapters. Chapter one is the introduction which consists of the background to the study, the problem statement, the research questions, the research objectives, the justification of the research and the scope and organisation of the study. Chapter two is the literature review which consists of literature on Agricultural Product ion in Africa and Nigeria, Agricultural Production and Economic Growth and Development, Commitments of governments to Nigerian agriculture, Agriculture as a Source of Employment for Poverty Reduction, Finally, summary of the literature review and conclusions. Chapter three is the methodology employed in order to achieve the research objectives which consists of profile of Nigeria, the theoretical and model specifications, data types and sources of data. Chapter four is presentation of the results and discussions. Chapter five is the summary of the findings, conclusion and recommendations. After this are the references and appendix.CHAPTER TWOLITERATURE REVIEW2.1 IntroductionThis chapter presents an overview of the relevant empirical literature in the subject matter. The chapter is divided into five main subsections. The first subsection is presentation of Agricultural Production in Africa and Nigeria. The second subsection is presentation of Agricultural Production and Economic Grow th and Development. Commitments of governments to Nigerian agriculture are presented in the third subsection. The fourth subsection brings to light literature on Agriculture as a Source of Employment for Poverty Reduction. Finally, summary of the literature review and conclusions drawn are presented in subsection five.2.2 Agricultural Production in Africa and NigeriaThere is a growing argument over whether agriculture is still playing important role in economic growth and development in sub-Saharan Africa. Agricultures theorists explain that, in most of the African countries, only the agricultural sector has sufficient scale and growth-linkages to significantly influence aggregate growth and development. Achieving such growth and development will have to do with a large sector like agriculture, which accounts for one-third of gross domestic product (GDP) for the subcontinent as a whole, and an even larger share for two-thirds of African countries. Economists also explain that agricu ltures poor performance leads to inadequate enthronization and policies that are historically biased against the agricultural sector (Fan, Zhang, Rao, 2004 Schiff Valdez, 1992 Timmer, 2005). They show the large benefits from investing in rural infrastructure and agricultural technology, and the growth and development potential from catching up to the productivity levels of other developing countries. During the period from 1990 to 2004, African industry, including mining and mineral-based manufacturing, grew at 1.9% per year compared to 2.5% for agriculture (World Bank, 2006). This is an indication of the importance of agriculture to economic growth and development across Africa.By contrast, there are others who doubt whether or not agriculture can successfully generate sufficient growth and development in Africa today. This doubt shows the poor performance of agriculture, weak institutions for rural growth and development, and worsening agro-ecological conditions in most of the African countries (Collier, 2002 Ellis, 2005 Maxwell Slater, 2003). The large size of the agricultural sector may be the reason for Africas failure to grow and develop, especially since past experience forecasts a significant decline in the importance of agriculture over time in successfully developing countries (Collier, 2002). For those who argue that agriculture should not be put at the center of African growth and development, although the sectors sufficient growth and development linkages proved very strong during Asias Green Revolution, it may not be so much in Africa because of a more integrated global environment (Hart, 1998). Border prices determine food prices more than domestic supply when imports can enter freely, which reduces the need to invest in domestic agriculture to maintain urban food prices and real wages and hence industrial competitiveness. Under these conditions, it is effortful for agriculture to play important role of economy-wide growth and development as well as facilitating the economic break shown by theory or witnessed in the past successes of other developing countries. Agricultures skeptics therefore tend to be more concerned of African industry, emphasizing that mining and manufacturing may bring viable alternative sources of growth and development.Despite contrasting opinions on the relative importance of agriculture in generating overall growth and development, there should presumably be less contention surrounding the role of agriculture in poverty reduction, which is one of the key issues for achieving economic growth and development. This is especially so given the importance of agricultural incomes for Africas poorest populations. However, even among agricultures advocates, there are conflicting views over what should be the focus of an agricultural growth and development dodge for low-income Africa (Dorward, et al., 2004). Some suggest that the best opportunities for African farmers lie in high-value commodities and , given poor domestic supplicate in Africa, that production should focus on export markets. Small-scale farms are seen as irrelevant due to international competition and the growing difficulties of supply-chains for both domestic and orthogonal markets (Reardon, Timmer, Barrett, Berdegue, 2003). It is argued that rural dwellers should plan on diversifying incomes away from agriculture (Ashley Maxwell, 2001) and focus on going to urban areas (Ellis Harris, 2004). On the other hand, others argue that rural income variegation has been a reality in Africa for many years (Barrett Reardon, 2000 Reardon et al., 2003) and has yet to achieve significant income growth. Furthermore, income diversification is not a significant positive phenomenon, especially if diversification is due to stagnant agricultural growth and development (Haggblade, Hazell, Reardon, 2002) or if migration is as a result of growth in low-productivity urban activities (Lipton, 2004). The biggest market benefits fo r majority of African farmers comes from domestic and regional markets for staples/food crops (Diao Hazell, 2004 Rosegrant, Paisner, Meijer, Witcover, 2001).2.3 Agricultural Production and Economic Growth and DevelopmentProvision of sufficient food for the growing population puts agriculture at the center of current growth and development issue in developing countries. This is because the level of population growth in most developing countries is far more than the level of agricultural production and growth. Malthusian theory of population growth is becoming true in these countries hence, the need to grow and develop agriculture to meet the food requirement of the people is very important. face at the Malthusian theory, if food supply fail to meet demand then food prices will rise. This will also have effect on workers wages and subsequently affect industrial profits, investment and overall economic growth and development in the bon ton (Uniamikogbo, 2007).On the supply of raw ma terials to the industrial sector, agriculture have been seen as the major requirement for industrial growth and development because of the sectors role in providing the necessary raw materials for industries (Child, 2008 Uniamikogbo, 2007 and Abayomi, 2006). As a result of this, the need for increasing agricultural productivity has to be considered. There is the need therefore to put more emphasis on increasing domestic produce rather than focusing more on the expansion of export to finance growing food export. This fashion that, agriculture is the most influential sector in developing countries. It should then make a significant contribution to the overall investment requirements needed by the industrial sector such as punishing the amount of raw materials supplied from abroad by increasing the output produced locally.Agriculture has been the main stay of the Nigerian economy providing employment and source of livelihood for the teeming population. It contributes with over half of the GDP of the Nigerian economy during much of post-independence in the country. Nonetheless, the role it plays in the economic growth and development of the country has gone down over the years due to the overwhelming and dominant role of the crude oil sector in the economy, on which the country extensively depends. With the high food demand in Nigeria, the country has to make use of its abundant natural resources and to take advantage of its current democracy to increase the volume of crop production towards satisfying the food and nutritional requirement of the rapidly growing population and to ensure food security department in the country (Enoma, 2010) . Therefore, agriculture can be characterized as the source of national wealth and economic growth and development in Nigeria.Agricultural Development economists have researched significantly on how agriculture can best contribute to overall economic growth and development. Looking at Lewis theory of development, Todaro and S mith (2003) indicated that the develop economy consists of two sectors, which are the ancient and traditional agricultural sector characterized by zero peripheral labor productivity and the modern industrial sector. In his historical approach to the process of economic growth and development, Rostow (1960) distinguishes five stages of economic growth and development, which are Traditional society Pre-conditions for takeoff Take-off Drive to maturity and duration of high mass-consumption. According to Rostow, the take-off stage is the most important figure in the life of a society when growth becomes its normal condition. The significance and importance of the traditional society make a decisive uncovering and a multiple interest gets built into the society structure with agriculture playing significant role at this stage. From this theory, it is evident that agriculture plays a significant role in the first three stages of economic growth and development (Traditional society, pre -conditions for takeoff and takeoff stages). The agricultural sector greatly influences industrial and economic acantha from which a countrys economic growth and development can take off. Therefore, beyond reasonable doubt, agricultural activities are usually concentrated and more practiced in the less-developed countries where there is an urgent need for rural transformation, redistribution, poverty alleviation and socio-economic growth and development (Stewart, 2000).Indeed, agriculture has a significant role in an economy, without it a country will surely depend on importation from other countries to feed its population. The essential contribution of agriculture to economic growth and development has been an on-going subject of debate among development economist, several theorist argue that growth of the whole economy relies on the development of agricultural sector (Schuttz, 1964, Gollin, Parente and Rogerson 2002). The growth and development of the agricultural sector could re sult to national output increase through its effect on rural incomes and provision of resources for transformation into an industrialized economy (Eicher and Staatz, 1984 Dowrick and Gemmmell, 1991 Datt and Ravallion, 1998 Thirtle, Lin and Piesse 2003). Johnston and Mellor (1961) reported that agriculture improves and contributes to overall economic growth and development through various inter-sectoral linkages. Which include, provision of surplus labor to the industrial sector supply of food for domestic consumption mental hospital of market for industrial output provision of domestic savings and industrial investment and generation of foreign exchange from agriculture export earnings to finance import of intermediate and capital goods respectively. However, In addition to the above-mentioned direct market-based linkages, Timmer (1995) found out that agriculture indirectly contributes to economic growth and development through its caloric nutrient intake provision to the poor, foo d availability stable food prices and poverty reduction. red ink by all the debated arguments, it is clear that agricultural growth and development has played a historically important role in the process of economic growth and development. However, acts from developed countries as well as developing countries indicate that agricultural sector has been the engine that contributes to the overall growth and development of a countrys economy. Agriculture therefore plays an important role in achieving economic growth and development.2.4 Commitments of Governments to the Agricultural Se